JESSICA MORGAN: 'DO LESS, BETTER'
Jessica Morgan s'exprimant au Verbier Art Summit, 2020. Toutes les images par Alpimages.
Jessica Morgan, the partnering museum director of the 2020 Summit, wrote the introduction of the publication “Resource Hungry: Our Cultured Landscape and its Ecological Impact”, which she edited together with Dorothea von Hantelmann. Jessica reflected on four key lessons that came out of the Summit and discusses how each of the speakers contributed to her ecological theme.
On Sunday 2 February 2020, at the end of the three days of talks and discussions for the fourth Verbier Art Summit, I sat having breakfast with Anneliek Sijbrandij and Philip Tinari discussing the possible ideas for what might be the fifth Summit. As flights to and from China were being shut down, Phil talked about whether to return to Beijing now or in a few weeks and joked that people were already getting nervous being around him despite the fact that he hadn’t been in China for many weeks. A crisis that remained, at that point at least, somewhat at a distance, has now permeated all our lives in a manner entirely unimaginable that morning, and it is impossible not to write through this new Covid-19 lens. In the weeks past, as I have spoken to the participants of the Summit about the days of being together, that intense proximity against the background of the snow-covered mountains seems almost unimaginable. Were we really there? Undoubtedly for many, the experience of the Summit is always something strangely divorced from reality. Unused to the landscape, the snow, the relative isolation and even the incredibly gracious hospitality, there is an ‘other worldliness’ to the encounter in Verbier. It is both what distinguishes it from the many other art conversations that take place, typically in urban centers, allowing in contrast for the time and space of concentration in a remote setting, but it is also the limitation: its exclusive destination proving prohibitive for so many. What resonates in my mind most significantly as I look back at these few days together and what we learned collectively and individually, is that what was discussed remains as urgent today as it did before these last weeks and the onset of the many deaths, mass unemployment, food shortages and as yet unknown consequences of the virus’ impact across the world.
Jessica Morgan s'entretenant avec Joan Jonas au Verbier Art Summit, 2020.
Conférenciers du Verbier Art Summit 2020 avec la fondatrice du Summit Anneliek Sijbrandij.
Jessica Morgan s'entretenant avec Philppe Rahm et Adrian Lahoud au Verbier Art Summit, 2020.
How terrible it would be were we to now be faced with the re-examination and review of a subject or concept whose relevance had vanished in the face of these material and existential concerns? To think that the already wildly privileged activity of talking together over these few days was rendered obsolete by the overwhelming events that came after, pointing to a lack of consequence in the discussion, would be hard to live with.
Instead, I have found myself so often coming back to experiences and conversations, presentations and films witnessed over those few days that only grow in significance. Asked to summarise what I thought were the key lessons from Verbier, I wrote to Anneliek soon after returning to New York in early February that I thought these were the following:
That we urgently need to learn from the light touch and holistic thinking of indigenous cultures that have cared for the land for generations
That we need to reassess the spaces, habits, structures, and systems of culture to find new ways to operate and new ways to experience
That culture has a role to play in supporting and asserting the work and voice of thinkers, activists, and especially the young people who are demanding a new way forward
That nothing less than a total rethink of our values is needed
At a time when all of us in cultural institutions must closely examine our behavior and mission to reimagine a re-opening and return that will not (and should not be) the same as before, these are guidelines and concepts that I will return to in my own work as we move forward together as a team. Rather than using this time to turn inward and retreat from the questions posed in Verbier, now is the moment to reflect on how we can evolve in response to them. The phrase oft repeated by Anneliek during the Summit: ‘do less, better’ resonates now more than ever and as I revisit the statement for the Summit, once again it reinforces the significance of what was being discussed for the current moment we find ourselves in and the future we must build.
Ahead of the Summit we reflected on the fact that subsequent to a history of Land Art the role of the art institution had lost its way:
While art primarily occupies space inside the institution today, buildings continue to act according to the apparent need to mark terrain through the construction of contemporary temples to culture. Unimaginable growth of collections, costly conservation needs, a business-model driven necessity to constantly expand, and vastly increased turnover has made for an industry that is both wasteful and resource hungry. Meanwhile, cultural institutions are asked publicly and programmatically to remain on the right side of the environmental debate. What are alternate models for cultural institutions? What hope is there in an environment that values spectacular containers over critical content?
Looking at the contributions of the speakers and reflecting on the conversations that took place at the Summit in Verbier, it is important to understand how these questions and lessons were explored. Undoubtedly for many the work, ideas and approach of Joan Jonas occupied a central place in our discussions. Jonas shared imagery from her films, performance and installation that comprise the various parts and iterations of the work Moving Off the Land. The short film, that was a montage of this work, featured richly associative imagery including references to the films of Jean Painlevé’s sea creatures, Moby Dick, Jonas’ own filming in aquariums, the words of Italo Calvino and Rachel Carson, as well as music by various collaborators and poetry. Jonas also worked with the marine biologist David Gruber whose own film work of biofluorescent sea life and his study of the manner in which fish perceive their surroundings offered Jonas insight into further questioning the predominance of human perception. How can we understand how another species sees the world and what can we learn from this? In order to learn other ways of being we need to listen to and understand the other ways in which peoples, animals and nature exists. This was a refrain that was echoed volubly in the presentations of Andrea Bowers, Djamila Ribeiro and Adrian Lahoud who brought our attention to the fact that we ignore the centuries of knowledge of indigenous peoples at our own peril.
Jessica Morgan s'entretenant avec Djamila Ribeiro, Joan Jonas, le professeur Roberto Feo et Rosario Hurtado au Verbier Art Summit, 2020.
Dorothea von Hantlemann et Jessica Morgan, oratrice du Summit 2020, au Verbier Art Summit, 2020.
Bowers presented the activist work of Tokata Iron Eyes, a member of the Standing Rock Sioux tribe who has been involved with the movement to stop the Dakota Access Pipeline since its inception. She continued with her own long history of documenting the work of activists in the ecological and feminist movements, bringing lasting attention to the often overlooked or forgotten. Ribeiro explored Brazilian indigenous beliefs that establish a different relationship to nature. If you see the plants and water as part of your existence and being, why would you cause damage to them? Echoing the complex interspecies thinking of Donna Haraway (a name rarely invoked over the Summit and yet somehow present in much of the thinking), Ribeiro documented the ways in which indigenous peoples in Brazil have much for us to learn from. Similarly overlooked and excluded from the exclusive and implicitly racist academia of Brazil, were the remarkable feminist thinkers and activists that Ribeiro introduced us to, reinforcing the recognition that our knowledge is derived from selective sources. Lahoud’s presentation evidenced the remarkable historical and geographical knowledge of Australia’s Aboriginal people and the way in which this deep understanding of the terrain had been used to evidence a historic land claim—all the more exceptional as the case was presented in the form of a collective painting of the territory. Speaking just weeks after some of the most devastating forest fires Australia had experienced, Lahoud pointed to the evidence of Aboriginal’s deep understanding of bush fire control measures and other significant land, water and plant management techniques through artistic depiction.
Speaking to the absurdities of our institutional landscape and the ways in which our spaces for art and culture have evolved alongside our economies and values, Dorothea von Hantelmann, Stefan Kaegi and El Último Grito (Rosario Hurtado and Roberto Feo), in entirely different ways, explored the end game of the museum. Von Hantelmann traced the history of museum display and its correlation to the politics and socioeconomics of the time. If we divorce our culture from its context, how can we be surprised if we treat our ecological environment in a similarly distanced manner leading to the total absence of empathy for nature? Hurtado and Feo, both in their talk and the zine that accompanied the Summit, took the perceived absence or denial of time and its effects in the museum environment to its logical (if absurdly extreme) conclusion envisioning the last remaining artworks circulating in space, preserved perhaps forever but never to be seen. Staging an alternate experience from the traditional theatre, Stefan Kaegi spoke to the work of Rimini Protokol whose experiential based performances have brought the participant/actor into a role of complicity in events, such that the divorced experience of the cultural sphere is replaced by an active participation. How do we make global environmental decisions without only prioritising our own livelihoods? How can a mutually responsible sensibility be encouraged?
The role of architecture and the built environment, its ecological potential for change and sustainability featured in both Elvira Dyangani Ose’s talk as well as in Philippe Rahm’s. Dyangani Ose reviewed the collaborative, radical community-based actions of the Spanish collective Recetas Urbanas who have helped to build, together with schools, parents and citizens, temporary and permanent structures from low cost as well as recycled and found materials. Rahm explored the real potential for ecologically sound construction, building environments that respond to the given and necessary conditions rather than the typical architectural practice of creating resource hungry systems for an endlessly adaptable climate control.
Our morning sessions ranged widely in focus but many drew inspiration from the youth movement and activists led vocally by Greta Thunberg. Recent events preceding the Summit included Thunberg’s attack on big banks for their investment in fossil fuels and hope was drawn from the impact this had on increasing calls for sustainable investment. Will another generation force a reconsideration of our value system and will this come too late? Is it in any case too much to burden another generation with and why are we not acting now? We questioned the endless movement of art and people in relation to the activities of the art world. Now that suddenly this activity has ground to a halt, let’s hope there is not a simple return to the previous delirium of art fairs, block buster exhibitions and global travel but a reminder to ‘do less, better.’ We celebrated artists and educators who offer new and experimental approaches to social and political life and discussed the low pay and poor conditions that so often go with this terrain.
As has been pointed out by so many and far more eloquently than I, it is saddening that it took a virus to halt aspects of our culture that were destroying the environment and while we can momentarily be happy about the clear skies, birdsong and green life returning to our cities, we have to simultaneously acknowledge what else has taken hold during this time: the domination of the digital divide in all societies; the fact that this virus has affected overwhelmingly people of colour and communities in poverty; that individual industries that were already destroying small scale business and a diversity of production have now taken hold of our lives entirely; and that so many authoritarian and dictatorial governments have used this shut down to enforce a further stranglehold on opposition and human rights.
The history of culture has been a history of marking the landscape and the cultural field has acted as witness—and often contributor to—our ecological crisis. If anything, Covid-19 has made evident that the world is connected now more than ever through trade, technology, and culture, but it is also indelibly connected through air, water, and weather patterns that pay no heed to national and political barriers. One can but hope that a moment like this is an opportunity to reset. As we re-open, re-start, resume and return, can we do so differently, mindfully and with an urgent consideration for those most affected by this disease who are, and will be, those most affected by climate change?
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